Herbal Medicinal : Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)
* Synonym: F. officinale All., Anethum L. foeniculum
* Domain name: das spicy (Aceh), anise, fennel (Malays), adeh, manih (Minangkabau); hades (Sunda), anise, fennel londa, fennel Landi (Java), adhas (Madura); paapang, paampas ( Menado), adasa, rempasu (Makasar), adase (Bugis), fennel (Bali), Wala wunga (Sumba).
* Foreign Names: Phong karee, mellet karee (Thai), sweet cumin (Malaysia).
* Name bulbs: Foeniculi Fructus (fruit of fennel).
Summary:
Herbaceous plant and gummy. Height to 1.5 m. Needle-shaped leaves. Compound interest thereon in the form of an umbrella. The color is yellow. These plants contain oil fly, mainly containing anetol.
Fennel is useful to treat abdominal pain, thrush, whooping cough, difficulty tisur, irregular tadang months, asthma, colds.
Plant Description
Perennial herb, height 50 cm-2 m, grow merumpun. One family usually consists of 3-5 stems. bluish green stems, grooved, segmented, hollow, smells fragrant when bruised. Location of the leaves alternate, compound pinnate, with double two narrow fins, the shape of the needle, the tip and base of the spike, the average edge berseludang white, webbed sheath with a hat-shaped top. Organized as an umbrella inflorescence compound with 6-40 flowers pedicle, pedicle length of 50-10 cm mother, peduncle 2-5 mm long, yellow crown, out of the end of the rod. Fruit oval, ribbed, 60-10 mm in length, width 3-4 mm, young old green after green or chocolate brown rather slightly yellow to brown completely. However, the fruit color varies, depending on country of origin. Ripe fruit has a distinctive aromatic smell, taste when tasted like kanfer.
Fennel and fennel oil yield, which is a distillation of fruit powder and fennel are cooked and dried. There are two kinds of fennel oil, sweet and bitter. Both are used in the pharmaceutical industry. Fennel is also used for seasoning, or as a material that improves the taste (corrigentia saporis) and medicinal herb scent. Normally fennel is used in conjunction with pulosari bark. leaves can be eaten as a vegetable. Propagation by seed or by separating the children plant.
Nature and Usefulness
Ripe fruit contains an aromatic smell, taste slightly sweet, spicy, warm, meridian entered the liver, kidney, spleen, and stomach. Eliminating nutritious cold blood circulation, pain relievers (analgesics), gastric healthy, increase appetite (stomakik), peluruh sputum, peluruh fart (carmintive), and stimulates production of milk (laktagoga).
Aromatic smelling leaves and efficacious as a stimulant, peluruh urine (diuretic), laktagoga, stomakik, and explain the vision.
Nutritious herb as an anti-emetic. Root as a purgative and diuretic. While the oil from the fruits (anise oil, fennel oil) nutritious as stimulants, carmintive, antibacterial, and anthelmintic.
Chemical content
Fennel contains essential oil (oleum Foeniculi) 1-6 per cent, contain 50-60 percent anetol, approximately 20 per cent fenkon, pinen, limonene, dipenten, felandren, metilchavikol, anisaldehid, anisat acid, and 12 percent fatty oil. Anetol content that causes the typical smell of fennel and remove carmintive efficacious. The roots contain bergapten. Roots and seeds contain stigmasterin (serposterin).
Indication
Fruit is useful to overcome:
abdominal pain (heartburn), abdominal bloating, feeling full in stomach, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice (jaundice), loss of appetite, coughing up phlegm, shortness of breath (asthma), painful menstruation, irregular menstruation, breast milk ( ASI), a little, white eggs in the urine (proteinuria), insomnia (insomnia), decreased testicle (orchidoptosis), intestine down to the groin (inguinal hernia), swelling of the sperm channels (epididymis), accumulation of fluid in the scrotal sac ( hydrocele testis), reduce pain caused by stones and help destroy it, rheumatic gout, herbs or mushroom poisoning.
Nutritious leaves overcome: cough, flatulence, colic, thirst, improve vision.
How to Use
Fruit of 3-9 g braised fennel, or anise fruit finely ground, then brewed with boiling water to drink while warm. Leaves eaten as vegetables or boiled and then drunk. External use, and then finely ground dried fruit is used for local consumption at the canker sores, toothache, ear pain and injury. Fennel oil can also be used to rub the child's body into the wind.
Farmakologis Securities and Research Results
Active component, anisaldehida, improve efficacy streptomycin for TB treatment in rats. Improve the digestive tract and stimulate peristalsis expenditure fart (flatus). Eliminate cold and phlegm. Fennel oil a menagndung anetol, fenkon, chavicol, and anisaldehid nutritious and soothing the digestive system works like appetite stimulant. Than one adult human studies, found that fennel has devastating effects of kidney stones. In animal experiments, the extract of fennel leaf decoction can lower blood pressure. However, other ways of processing do not show these properties.
Example Usage
Cough
Fennel fruit powder brewed with as many as 5 g ТН educate cup water. After chilling filtered, add 1 teaspoon of honey. Stir until evenly distributed, drink once. Perform 2 times daily until healed. ТМ sage leaf cell, two hibiscus flower bud, leaf poko fifth cell 10 tembelekan flower bud, two grains of red onion, 1 teaspoon fennel, pulosari one finger, one finger ginger, brown sugar 3 finger, cleaned and cut into pieces as needed. Boil with 3 clean water glass until remaining half. After chilling filtered, then drunk. Do it three times a day, each ТН glass.
Shortness of breath
As many as 10 drops of fennel oil, 1 tablespoon brewed with hot water. Drink while warm. Do it three times a day until healed. ТН fennel teaspoons, pulosari ТМ fingers, rhizome kencur two fingers, one finger of ginger rhizome, ТМ teaspoon cumin, leaves poncosudo (Jasminum pubescens) ТМ handheld, brown sugar 3 finger, cleaned and cut into pieces as needed. The materials were then boiled with 4 ТН clean water glass until remaining approximately half. After chilling filtered, and ready to drink. Three times a day, each ТО glass.
Sprue
ТО teaspoon fennel, coriander ТО teaspoon of leaves slobber fifth handheld, handheld ТМ sage leaf, gotu kola ТМ handheld, leaves fart sixth handheld, pulosari ТО fingers, fragrant rhizome lempuyang ТН fingers, finger ТН turmeric, cinnamon ТО fingers, red sugar 3 finger, cleaned and cut into pieces as needed. The materials were then boiled with 4 ТН clean water glass until remaining half. After chilling filtered, ready to drink. Day three times, each time enough ТО glass.
Irregular menstruation
Leaves and flowers srigading each fifth cell ТО teaspoon black cumin, fennel ТН teaspoon, pulosari ТН finger, flower bud kesumba second rivet, two pieces of lime, sugar cube of chicken eggs, washed and cut into pieces as needed . The ingredients were then boiled with 3 clean water glass until sersisa 2 ТМ glass. After chilling filtered, drinks three times a day, each ТО glass.
Medicinal plant or mushroom poisoning
Powder as much as 5 g of fennel fruit, brewed with ТН cups of wine. Drink while warm.
Gallstone
Serbuh fennel fruit as much as 5 g brewed by a cup of hot water. After a cold drink, do every day.
Note
Treatment of hernia fixed in a way operation, ie closing the holes existing channels. Fennel is only temporary boost gut down to the groin. Avoiding the use of fennel in large doses. The use of fennel fruits and sometimes cause frequent burping fart. Fennel fruits are effective for insect repellent (insect repellent).
Source:
pdpersi.co.id
Atlas Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia Jilid 1, dr Setiawan Dalimartha, Trubus Agriwidya, Anggota Ikapi, Jakarta, 1999.
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